CONTENTS 2025_1
HYGIENE
Meltser A.V., Chashchin V.P., Erastova N.V., Kiselev A.V., Yakubova I.Sh.
Novikova I.I., Romanenko S.P., Sorokina A.V., Lachugin A.P., Rozhdestvenskaya L.N.
Rakhmanov R.S, Narutdinov D.A., Bogomolova E.S., Razgulin S.A., Nepryakhin D.V.
DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, EPIDEMIOLOGY, PREVENTION OF DISEASES
Gridina A.A., Brusina E.B.
Dmitrieva O.V., Liubimova A.V., Isachkina A.N., Kolosovskaya E.N., Satosova N.V.
Kalashnikova M.R., Dulaev A.K., Klyukovkin K. S., Nakonechny D.G., Kutianov D.I., Balabanova A.V., Khartakhoeva G.L.
PUBLIC HEALTH, ORGANIZATION AND SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH CARE
Esaulenko I.E., Petrova T.N., Sharapova Yu.A., Mokshina A.I.
Suraeva N.A., Zakharchenko O.O., Terenteva D.S.
Peretyagina N.R., Andreeva O.V., Narchuk A.D., Kolesova I.P
Davletova N.Сh., Karimova A.Z., Dautova A.Z., Khaertdinova E.V.
Davidov D.R., Moskvicheva A.S., Piterskaya E.P., Shikina I.B.
CLINICAL LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICS
Zhilenkova Yu.I., Simakova M.A., Zolotova E.A., Kovaleva D.D., Karelkina E.V., Goncharova N.S., Moiseeva O.M., Vavilova T.V.
HYGIENE
INTEGRATED APPROACH TO HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT, FORECASTING AND PREVENTING HEALTH RISKS OF THE WORKING-AGE POPULATION (SCIENTIFIC REVIEW)
A.V. Meltser, V.P. Chashchin, N.V. Erastova, A.V. Kiselev, I.Sh. Yakubova
North-West State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Russia, 191015, Saint- Petersburg, Kirochnaya street, 41
Abstract
Introduction. In order to ensure sustainable socio-economic development of the state, it is crucial to maintain the health and active longevity of the working-age population.
Aim of the study was to summarize and analyze Russian and foreign sources on hygienic assessment, forecasting and prevention of health risks for the working-age population, both professional and related to environmental factors.
Materials and methods. The search for scientific publications on the specified topic was conducted on major electronic search resources – eLIBRARY and official websites of scientific journals including thematic sections on the studied issues. The search depth was 20 years (2005–2024).
Results and Discussion. During work, the working population is exposed to a complex of heterogeneous unfavorable production and non-production factors. The multifactorial nature of exposure complicates the choice of risk management methods. A review of the literature data showed that considerable attention is paid to studying the impact of various unfavorable factors on the health of the working-age population. However, methodological approaches that provide an objective assessment of the integrated negative impact on the health of workers from diverse factors in both production and non-production environments are generally at the initial stages of development and have been implemented only for specific types of economic activities and related territories.
Conclusion. It is important to continue scientific research for the further development and testing of models for predicting and preventing health risks for the working population caused by the complex impact of production and non-production environmental factors, including the use of cross-cutting digital technologies.
Key words: workers' health, professional risk, occupational hygiene, working conditions, workplace health, social and hygienic monitoring, multifactorial impact, integrated impact on health, models for predicting and preventing health risks for workers
REGIONAL PECULIARITIES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF SCHOOL MEALS IN THE URAL FEDERAL DISTRICT
I.I. Novikova1, S.P. Romanenko1, A.V. Sorokina1, A.P. Lachugin1, L.N. Rozhdestvenskaya1,2
1 Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene, Russia, 630108, Novosibirsk, Parkhomenko street, 7
2 Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russia, 630073, Novosibirsk, K. Marx avenue, 20
Abstract
Introduction. Organized nutrition for school-age children is the most important component in solving problems related to the health of the child population. Within the framework of the national project "Demography", it is relevant to assess the organization of children's nutrition both in schools and at home, considering regional characteristics.
Aim of the study was to analyze the patterns and regional characteristics of the organization of nutrition for school-age children living in the Ural Federal District (UFD).
Materials and methods. The study used questionnaire method, interviewing 373 directors of general education organizations, 202 313 students and their parents (legal representatives) in the Urals Federal District and 2 032 019 students and their parents (legal representatives) in the Russian Federation; hygienic, analytical and statistical methods were also used within the study. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Statistica-10.0 and Microsoft Excel packages applying descriptive statistical methods.
Results. Higher rates of hot meal coverage for middle and senior schoolchildren were revealed. The district has a higher proportion of schools where were fewer children in 1-4 grades compared to high school students, who completely ate school breakfasts and lunches, and a high proportion of schools with an inedibility index of 10.0% and higher. About a third of respondents believed that the reason for dissatisfaction with school meals was the quality of the dishes. 42.2% believed that over the past year the organization of meals had improved, 50.0% expressed the need for changes in the organization of school meals.
Conclusion. The results of the study will allow for the adjustment of preventive measures to minimize the risk of health problems when developing measures to improve the organization of meals for schoolchildren in the region.
Keywords: school meals; organized meals; schoolboys; educational organizations; risks of health disorders; prevention; regional nutrition; satisfaction with organized nutrition
ASSESSMENT OF STRESS RESISTANCE OF INDIVIDUALS ENGAGED IN MENTAL WORK WHEN INCLUDING A MULTI-COMPONENT FOOD PRODUCT IN THEIR DIET
R.S. Rakhmanov1, D.A. Narutdinov2, E.S. Bogomolova1, S.A. Razgulin1,
D.V. Nepryakhin1
1Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Russia, 603950, NizhnyNovgorod, MininandPozharsky square, 10/1
2 Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after. prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Russia, 660022, Krasnoyarsk, PartizanaZheleznyaka street, 1
Abstract
Introduction. Diet has a significant impact on a person’s mood and mental well-being.
Aim of the study was to assess stress resistance of individuals engaged in mental work when including a multi-component food product in their diet.
Material and methods. The study included men aged 35.7 ± 4.9 years engaged in mental work. Working conditions were also evaluated. To improve stress resistance, it was developed a recipe for a multi-component food product prepared using cryogenic technology. The calculated content of vitamins and minerals were determined. The main group (n=30) consumed product for 21 days. The comparison group (n=30) ate as usual. At baseline and on day 22, it was performed self-assessment of anxiety levels according to Spielberg-Khanin scale and assessment of mental states according to G. Eysenck using the Multipsychometer psychodiagnostic complex. The cortisol levels in serum were measured using an Alisei Q.S. analyzer by Radim (Italy).
Results. Additional consumption of vitamins reached 0.8-13.3%, minerals - 0.2-9.0%, dietary fiber - up to 8.2%. In the main group, there was an improvement in well-being (dynamics within the limits of "unsatisfactory" - "satisfactory" in 23.3% of those examined); physical activity (average and above average) in 23.4%, a decrease in high situational anxiety in 6.7%. In the comparison group, there was an increase of 3.5% in the proportions with unsatisfactory well-being, low situational anxiety by 7.1%, a decrease in the proportions with high physical activity by 4.4%, and by 14.3% with high mental activity. Cortisol levels decreased in 42.8%, in the comparison group - an increase in 35.7%.
Conclusion. The increase in stress resistance was confirmed by the results of psychophysiological testing and cortisol level measurements in the blood. The study demonstrates the role of diet in preventing stress caused by intense mental work.
Key words: mental work, work process intensity, psychophysiological testing, stress resistance, multicomponent product, efficiency.
DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, EPIDEMIOLOGY, PREVENTION OF DISEASES
RISK OF HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT
A.A. Gridina, E.B. Brusina
Kemerovo State Medical University, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
Abstract
Introduction. Healthcare-associated infections are a common complication in patients with acute cerebrovascular accident, as stroke is accompanied by disruption of the central nervous system's regulation of vital bodily functions. Identifying, studying, and ranking risk factors allow to develop and apply risk calculators for healthcare-associated infections.
Aim of the study was to assess risk factors for healthcare-associated infections in patients with acute cerebrovascular accident using various medical technologies.
Materials and Methods. A comprehensive center retrospective (n=728) analytical epidemiological study of risk factors for healthcare-associated infections of the case-control was performed. The treatment outcomes of 728 patients (392 men, 336 women) were studied in a large cardiology center. A total of 17 risk factors were studied.
Results. According to the analysis, 11 (64.70%) of the 17 risk factors studied significantly increased the chances of healthcare-associated infections: nasogastric tube installation for more than 48 hours (OR = 28.75; 95% CI [15,58-53,57]), prolonged mechanical ventilation (OR = 24.89; 95% CI [15,42-39,79]), urinary catheter (OR = 19.64; 95% CI [7,69-50,51]), impaired consciousness on the scale of ocular coma 12 b. and less (OR = 6.32; 95 % CI [4,56-8,78]), central venous catheter (OR = 5.27; 95% ДИ [2,44-11,70]), duration of surgical treatment more than 240 minutes (OR = 2.95; 95% CI [1,73-5,11]), emergency surgical treatment (OR = 2.24; 95% CI [1,18-4,33]), kidney disease before the development of stroke (OR = 2.07; 95% CI [1,34-3,21]), a body mass index of more than 25 (OR = 1.75; 95% CI [1,21-2,56]), intraoperative blood loss of more than 250 ml (OR = 1.68; 95% CI [1,15-2,45]), and age > 65 years (OR = 1.61; 95% CI [1,18-2,21]).
Conclusion. Risk factors for healthcare-associated infections in patients with acute cerebrovascular accidents were identified and ranked, which should be considered both in individual risk calculators and when organizing infection prevention systems in hospitals of this type.
Keywords: healthcare-associated infections, acute cerebrovascular accident, patient profile, medical technologies, risk factors.
MORTALITY RISK FACTORS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY
O.V. Dmitrieva, A.V. Liubimova, A.N. Isachkina,
O.N. Kolosovskay, N.V. Satosova
North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. Russia, 191015, Saint Petersburg, Kirochnaya Street, 41
Abstract
Introduction. The mortality rate among patients undergoing renal replacement therapy (RRT) reaches 15%. Risk factors associated with mortality require further clarification using epidemiological methods.
Aim of the study was to assess the impact of complications and comorbidities on the risk of mortality in patients receiving renal replacement therapy through the application of epidemiological research methods.
Materials and Methods. Thirty-five factors were analyzed in 359 patients (including 42 deaths) undergoing dialysis in two clinics. Descriptive and analytical epidemiological methods were used. Relative risk (RR), 95% risk difference, population attributable risk, and attributable fraction were calculated, ROC analysis was performed.
Results. The mortality rate was 11.70%, with 50% of deaths occurring within the first two years of treatment, and 87.5% of these patients were aged 55 and older. The following factors increased the risk of mortality: age over 55 years (RR = 3.49; p = 0.0003); cardiovascular diseases (RR = 2.84; p << 0.01); gastrointestinal disorders (RR = 2.12; p = 0.004); neurological pathology (RR = 2.32; 95% CI 1.29–4.16; p = 0.003); type 2 diabetes mellitus (RR = 2.88; p = 0.001); diabetic foot (RR = 3.33; p = 0.001); liver diseases (RR = 2.66; p = 0.01); peripheral artery disease (RR = 1.93; p = 0.02); infectious complications (RR = 2.26; p = 0.006); and electrolyte disturbances (RR = 2.51; p = 0.014).The presence of more than four of these factors increased the risk of death by 9.42 times (p << 0.001) and accounted for 76.2% of all mortality cases. The overall proportion of correct predictions including these factors was 0.875 (p < 0.001), with a sensitivity of 71.43% (95% CI 60.5–87.9) and specificity of 87.07% (95% CI 76.7–85.5).Subgroup analysis revealed that for patients aged over 55, the combination of cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, and electrolyte disturbances was most critical, whereas for patients younger than 55 years, the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, peripheral artery diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, and infectious complications was most critical.
Conclusion. Risk factors for mortality in patients receiving renal replacement therapy were identified. The prognostic model incorporating these factors demonstrated high specificity and sensitivity.
Keywords: renal replacement therapy, dialysis, risk factors, mortality, comorbid conditions, complications, epidemiology.
DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT MEASURES PERFORMED IN PATIENTS WITH THE MOST COMMON FORMS OF HAND DISEASES IN CITY BUDGET OUTPATIENT HEALTH CARE INSTITUTIONS
M.R. Kalashnikova1,2, A.K. Dulaev1, K. S. Klyukovkin1, D.G. Nakonechny1,2,3, D.I. Kutianov 1, A.V. Balabanova1, G.L. Khartakhoeva1
1Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "First St. Petersburg State Medical University named after Academician I. P. Pavlov" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation of Russia. 6-8 Lva Tolstogo str., 197022, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
2 AVA-PETER LLC. 55a Liteyny ave., litera A, 191014, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
3OOO "My Medical Center", Russia, 191186, St. Petersburg, Malaya Konyushennaya str., 8 lit. A.
Abstract
Introduction. Hand diseases represent an important medical and social problem, as the hand plays a key role in professional activity and human interaction with the environment. The absence of an official specialization “hand surgeon” in Russia complicates patient routing and reduces the quality of medical care.
The aim of the study. Determination of the profile of outpatient specialists to whom patients with common hand diseases turn, as well as an analysis of the diagnostic and therapeutic methods used in city budgetary healthcare institutions.
Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of medical records of 857 patients with hand diseases (carpal tunnel syndrome, trigger finger, De Quervain's syndrome, Dupuytren's disease, wrist ganglion) who visited St. Petersburg clinics from 2017 to 2021 was conducted. Patient routing, examination volumes, and treatment methods were studied.
Results. The study included 857 patients with common hand diseases. Carpal tunnel syndrome (n=197) was diagnosed in 8.6% of cases, trigger finger (n=172) - in 79.7%, de Quervain syndrome (n=81) - in 80.2%, Dupuytren's disease (n=126) - in 81.7%, ganglion (n=281) - in 85.8%. Conservative treatment prevailed in all pathologies, surgical intervention was more often recommended in ganglion (45.2%), trigger finger (22.7%) and Dupuytren's disease (19%).
Conclusion. Outpatient care for patients with hand diseases needs standardization, improved diagnosis and greater involvement of specialists with competencies in hand surgery.
Key words: hand surgery, hand diseases, carpal tunnel syndrome, trigger finger, De Quervain's syndrome, Dupuytren's disease, ganglion.
PUBLIC HEALTH, ORGANIZATION AND SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH CARE
CURRENT ISSUES OF PREVENTION OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY
I.E. Esaulenko, T.N. Petrova, Yu.A. Sharapova, A.I. Mokshina
Voronezh State Medical University named after N. N. Burdenko, Russia, 394036, Voronezh, Studencheskaya street,12
Abstract
Introduction. Obesity represents a serious public health issue characterized by high prevalence, increasing treatment costs, and adverse health outcomes. In this regard, the development of measures aimed at preventing the formation and progression of obesity using modern information and digital technologies becomes an urgent and important task.
Aim of the study is to develop a system for early diagnosis of overweight and obesity, as well as to identify predictors for their formation to prevent the progression of the pathological process and effectively prevent its occurrence.
Materials and methods. In order to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity, the analysis of data from federal statistical reporting forms №. 30 "Information about medical organization" and № 12 "Information on the number of diseases registered in patients living in the service area of the medical organization" during 2012-2023 was performed. Economic aspects were assessed using budget expenditure reports and funds obtained from paid services. The study used the following methods: analytical, statistical, comparative analysis and content analysis. Statistical processing of materials was carried out using calculation tables in Excel format.
Results. The article presents data on the relevance and prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults, including the working-age population. Health risks associated with potential disability and mortality due to excess body weight and obesity were analyzed. Socio-economic factors contributing to the development of obesity were examined. The economic consequences of this issue, as well as unresolved problems of obesity prevention were noted. Priority areas of comprehensive prevention programs were identified and predictive models for the development of overweight and obesity were developed, taking into account identified individual medical and social risk factors. The results of the study will allow personalizing measures aimed at preventing obesity and its complications.
Key words: obesity, prevalence of obesity, comorbidity, organization of medical care, prevention.
REGISTRATION FEATURES OF NEWLY DETECTED MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS DURING MEDICAL EXAMINATION OF CERTAIN GROUPS OF ADULT POPULATION
N.A. Suraeva 1,2, O.O. Zakharchenko2, D.S. Terenteva2
1 National Medical Research Center of Oncology named after N.N. Petrov, Russia, 197758, Saint-Petersburg,Pesochny settlement, Leningradskaya street, 68
2 Russian Research Institute of Health, Russia,127254, Moscow, Dobrolyubova street, 11
Abstract
Introduction. The basic principles of statistical information – completeness, reliability, scientific validity and timeliness – should be applied at all levels of statistical data collection, such as filling out accounting forms and federal statistical observation forms However, regarding the registration of data on the oncological component of medical examination, including the detection of malignant neoplasms, there are a number of issues that require additional study and analysis in order to improve the quality of statistical information collection.
Aim of the study was to analyze the features of the registration of newly identified malignant neoplasms during the medical examination of certain groups of the adult population on the example of the subjects of the Northwestern Federal District.
Materials and methods. Data from the industry statistical reporting form No. 131/o "Information on preventive medical examination and medical examination of certain groups of the adult population" for 2021-2023 were used. The methods of descriptive statistics and the inductive method were used within the study.
Results. It is shown that the proportion of persons referred for examination (consultation) by an oncologist with suspected oncological diseases from the total number of persons referred for the second stage of medical examination ranged from 0.5 to 7.6%; the proportion of persons referred for consultation by an oncologist based on the results of the first stage of medical examination, from the number of persons referred for additional examination not included in the medical examination, including examination (consultation) by an oncologist in case of suspected cancer from 0.5 to 31.2%; and the relative error revealed when comparing data on oncological diseases, first diagnosed by an oncologist, and according to the results of medical examination of the adult population as a whole from 90.6 to 1625.7%
Conclusions. 1. It is necessary to develop and implement a unified methodological approach to collecting statistical information on the oncological component of medical examination. 2. It is necessary to improve the professional level of specialists involved in the collection and analysis of statistical information.
Keywords: medical examination of certain groups of the adult population; oncological component of medical examination; malignant neoplasms; oncologist; registration of statistical data.
FREQUENCY OF RISK FACTORS OCCURRENCE FOR CHRONIC NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES DEPENDING ON GENDER AND AGE
N.R. Peretyagina 1, O.A. Andreeva 1,2, A.D. Narchuk 1, I.P. Kolesova 1
1 Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Tyumen State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 625023, Russian Federation, Tyumen region, Tyumen, Odesskaya str., 54
2 State Autonomous Healthcare Institution of the Tyumen Region "City Polyclinic No. 17", 102/1 Shirotnaya str., Tyumen, 625051, Russian Federation, Tyumen Region
Abstract
Introduction. Chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) represent one of the most serious threats to modern healthcare.
Of particular concern is the fact that many of these diseases are diagnosed at late stages. A significant proportion of these cases is associated with preventable risk factors (FR). Eliminating risk factors and informing the population about a healthy lifestyle are the most important tasks for reducing morbidity and improving the quality of life.
Aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence of risk factors for NCDs depending on gender and age following preventive medical examination and health screening in a city polyclinic.
Materials and methods. The study involved 6,909 individuals as part of a one-stage retrospective comparative analysis based on the results of a preventive medical examination of certain groups of the adult population in 2024.
Results. The study revealed that behavioral FR occurs in women at a younger age compared to men, where the opposite trend is observed with increasing age. The prevalence of metabolic RF in men also increases with age. In women, a similar trend is observed, except for smoking and overweight, where obesity predominates in older age.
Conclusion. The study results showed differences in the prevalence of behavioral and metabolic risk factors for NCDs depending on age and gender. Early detection of the likelihood of the presence of chronic NCDs and individuals with risk factors is possible via mass examinations, where preventive medical examination and health screenings play a key role, as methods of high diagnostic value. Timely identification of diseases and a comprehensive assessment of health are crucial aspects of preserving reproductive health for both men and women. Active preventive health care is of a high importance.
Keywords: behavioral risk factors, metabolic risk factors, preventive medical examination, medical examination, women, men, reproductive health.
FREQUENCY OF RISK FACTORS OCCURRENCE FOR CHRONIC NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES DEPENDING ON GENDER AND AGE
N.R. Peretyagina 1, O.A. Andreeva 1,2, A.D. Narchuk 1, I.P. Kolesova 1
1 Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Tyumen State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 625023, Russian Federation, Tyumen region, Tyumen, Odesskaya str., 54
2 State Autonomous Healthcare Institution of the Tyumen Region "City Polyclinic No. 17", 102/1 Shirotnaya str., Tyumen, 625051, Russian Federation, Tyumen Region
Abstract
Introduction. Chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) represent one of the most serious threats to modern healthcare.
Of particular concern is the fact that many of these diseases are diagnosed at late stages. A significant proportion of these cases is associated with preventable risk factors (FR). Eliminating risk factors and informing the population about a healthy lifestyle are the most important tasks for reducing morbidity and improving the quality of life.
Aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence of risk factors for NCDs depending on gender and age following preventive medical examination and health screening in a city polyclinic.
Materials and methods. The study involved 6,909 individuals as part of a one-stage retrospective comparative analysis based on the results of a preventive medical examination of certain groups of the adult population in 2024.
Results. The study revealed that behavioral FR occurs in women at a younger age compared to men, where the opposite trend is observed with increasing age. The prevalence of metabolic RF in men also increases with age. In women, a similar trend is observed, except for smoking and overweight, where obesity predominates in older age.
Conclusion. The study results showed differences in the prevalence of behavioral and metabolic risk factors for NCDs depending on age and gender. Early detection of the likelihood of the presence of chronic NCDs and individuals with risk factors is possible via mass examinations, where preventive medical examination and health screenings play a key role, as methods of high diagnostic value. Timely identification of diseases and a comprehensive assessment of health are crucial aspects of preserving reproductive health for both men and women. Active preventive health care is of a high importance.
Keywords: behavioral risk factors, metabolic risk factors, preventive medical examination, medical examination, women, men, reproductive health.
CLINICAL LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICS
FREQUENCY OF RISK FACTORS OCCURRENCE FOR CHRONIC NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES DEPENDING ON GENDER AND AGE
N.R. Peretyagina 1, O.A. Andreeva 1,2, A.D. Narchuk 1, I.P. Kolesova 1
1 Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Tyumen State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 625023, Russian Federation, Tyumen region, Tyumen, Odesskaya str., 54
2 State Autonomous Healthcare Institution of the Tyumen Region "City Polyclinic No. 17", 102/1 Shirotnaya str., Tyumen, 625051, Russian Federation, Tyumen Region
Abstract
Introduction. Chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) represent one of the most serious threats to modern healthcare.
Of particular concern is the fact that many of these diseases are diagnosed at late stages. A significant proportion of these cases is associated with preventable risk factors (FR). Eliminating risk factors and informing the population about a healthy lifestyle are the most important tasks for reducing morbidity and improving the quality of life.
Aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence of risk factors for NCDs depending on gender and age following preventive medical examination and health screening in a city polyclinic.
Materials and methods. The study involved 6,909 individuals as part of a one-stage retrospective comparative analysis based on the results of a preventive medical examination of certain groups of the adult population in 2024.
Results. The study revealed that behavioral FR occurs in women at a younger age compared to men, where the opposite trend is observed with increasing age. The prevalence of metabolic RF in men also increases with age. In women, a similar trend is observed, except for smoking and overweight, where obesity predominates in older age.
Conclusion. The study results showed differences in the prevalence of behavioral and metabolic risk factors for NCDs depending on age and gender. Early detection of the likelihood of the presence of chronic NCDs and individuals with risk factors is possible via mass examinations, where preventive medical examination and health screenings play a key role, as methods of high diagnostic value. Timely identification of diseases and a comprehensive assessment of health are crucial aspects of preserving reproductive health for both men and women. Active preventive health care is of a high importance.
Keywords: behavioral risk factors, metabolic risk factors, preventive medical examination, medical examination, women, men, reproductive health.
CONTENTS 2025_1
HYGIENE
Meltser A.V., Chashchin V.P., Erastova N.V., Kiselev A.V., Yakubova I.Sh.
Novikova I.I., Romanenko S.P., Sorokina A.V., Lachugin A.P., Rozhdestvenskaya L.N.
Rakhmanov R.S, Narutdinov D.A., Bogomolova E.S., Razgulin S.A., Nepryakhin D.V.
DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, EPIDEMIOLOGY, PREVENTION OF DISEASES
Gridina A.A., Brusina E.B.
Dmitrieva O.V., Liubimova A.V., Isachkina A.N., Kolosovskaya E.N., Satosova N.V.
Kalashnikova M.R., Dulaev A.K., Klyukovkin K. S., Nakonechny D.G., Kutianov D.I., Balabanova A.V., Khartakhoeva G.L.
PUBLIC HEALTH, ORGANIZATION AND SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH CARE
Esaulenko I.E., Petrova T.N., Sharapova Yu.A., Mokshina A.I.
Suraeva N.A., Zakharchenko O.O., Terenteva D.S.
Peretyagina N.R., Andreeva O.V., Narchuk A.D., Kolesova I.P
Davletova N.Сh., Karimova A.Z., Dautova A.Z., Khaertdinova E.V.
Davidov D.R., Moskvicheva A.S., Piterskaya E.P., Shikina I.B.
CLINICAL LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICS
Zhilenkova Yu.I., Simakova M.A., Zolotova E.A., Kovaleva D.D., Karelkina E.V., Goncharova N.S., Moiseeva O.M., Vavilova T.V.
HYGIENE
INTEGRATED APPROACH TO HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT, FORECASTING AND PREVENTING HEALTH RISKS OF THE WORKING-AGE POPULATION (SCIENTIFIC REVIEW)
A.V. Meltser, V.P. Chashchin, N.V. Erastova, A.V. Kiselev, I.Sh. Yakubova
North-West State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Russia, 191015, Saint- Petersburg, Kirochnaya street, 41
Abstract
Introduction. In order to ensure sustainable socio-economic development of the state, it is crucial to maintain the health and active longevity of the working-age population.
Aim of the study was to summarize and analyze Russian and foreign sources on hygienic assessment, forecasting and prevention of health risks for the working-age population, both professional and related to environmental factors.
Materials and methods. The search for scientific publications on the specified topic was conducted on major electronic search resources – eLIBRARY and official websites of scientific journals including thematic sections on the studied issues. The search depth was 20 years (2005–2024).
Results and Discussion. During work, the working population is exposed to a complex of heterogeneous unfavorable production and non-production factors. The multifactorial nature of exposure complicates the choice of risk management methods. A review of the literature data showed that considerable attention is paid to studying the impact of various unfavorable factors on the health of the working-age population. However, methodological approaches that provide an objective assessment of the integrated negative impact on the health of workers from diverse factors in both production and non-production environments are generally at the initial stages of development and have been implemented only for specific types of economic activities and related territories.
Conclusion. It is important to continue scientific research for the further development and testing of models for predicting and preventing health risks for the working population caused by the complex impact of production and non-production environmental factors, including the use of cross-cutting digital technologies.
Key words: workers' health, professional risk, occupational hygiene, working conditions, workplace health, social and hygienic monitoring, multifactorial impact, integrated impact on health, models for predicting and preventing health risks for workers
REGIONAL PECULIARITIES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF SCHOOL MEALS IN THE URAL FEDERAL DISTRICT
I.I. Novikova1, S.P. Romanenko1, A.V. Sorokina1, A.P. Lachugin1, L.N. Rozhdestvenskaya1,2
1 Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene, Russia, 630108, Novosibirsk, Parkhomenko street, 7
2 Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russia, 630073, Novosibirsk, K. Marx avenue, 20
Abstract
Introduction. Organized nutrition for school-age children is the most important component in solving problems related to the health of the child population. Within the framework of the national project "Demography", it is relevant to assess the organization of children's nutrition both in schools and at home, considering regional characteristics.
Aim of the study was to analyze the patterns and regional characteristics of the organization of nutrition for school-age children living in the Ural Federal District (UFD).
Materials and methods. The study used questionnaire method, interviewing 373 directors of general education organizations, 202 313 students and their parents (legal representatives) in the Urals Federal District and 2 032 019 students and their parents (legal representatives) in the Russian Federation; hygienic, analytical and statistical methods were also used within the study. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Statistica-10.0 and Microsoft Excel packages applying descriptive statistical methods.
Results. Higher rates of hot meal coverage for middle and senior schoolchildren were revealed. The district has a higher proportion of schools where were fewer children in 1-4 grades compared to high school students, who completely ate school breakfasts and lunches, and a high proportion of schools with an inedibility index of 10.0% and higher. About a third of respondents believed that the reason for dissatisfaction with school meals was the quality of the dishes. 42.2% believed that over the past year the organization of meals had improved, 50.0% expressed the need for changes in the organization of school meals.
Conclusion. The results of the study will allow for the adjustment of preventive measures to minimize the risk of health problems when developing measures to improve the organization of meals for schoolchildren in the region.
Keywords: school meals; organized meals; schoolboys; educational organizations; risks of health disorders; prevention; regional nutrition; satisfaction with organized nutrition
ASSESSMENT OF STRESS RESISTANCE OF INDIVIDUALS ENGAGED IN MENTAL WORK WHEN INCLUDING A MULTI-COMPONENT FOOD PRODUCT IN THEIR DIET
R.S. Rakhmanov1, D.A. Narutdinov2, E.S. Bogomolova1, S.A. Razgulin1,
D.V. Nepryakhin1
1Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Russia, 603950, NizhnyNovgorod, MininandPozharsky square, 10/1
2 Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after. prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Russia, 660022, Krasnoyarsk, PartizanaZheleznyaka street, 1
Abstract
Introduction. Diet has a significant impact on a person’s mood and mental well-being.
Aim of the study was to assess stress resistance of individuals engaged in mental work when including a multi-component food product in their diet.
Material and methods. The study included men aged 35.7 ± 4.9 years engaged in mental work. Working conditions were also evaluated. To improve stress resistance, it was developed a recipe for a multi-component food product prepared using cryogenic technology. The calculated content of vitamins and minerals were determined. The main group (n=30) consumed product for 21 days. The comparison group (n=30) ate as usual. At baseline and on day 22, it was performed self-assessment of anxiety levels according to Spielberg-Khanin scale and assessment of mental states according to G. Eysenck using the Multipsychometer psychodiagnostic complex. The cortisol levels in serum were measured using an Alisei Q.S. analyzer by Radim (Italy).
Results. Additional consumption of vitamins reached 0.8-13.3%, minerals - 0.2-9.0%, dietary fiber - up to 8.2%. In the main group, there was an improvement in well-being (dynamics within the limits of "unsatisfactory" - "satisfactory" in 23.3% of those examined); physical activity (average and above average) in 23.4%, a decrease in high situational anxiety in 6.7%. In the comparison group, there was an increase of 3.5% in the proportions with unsatisfactory well-being, low situational anxiety by 7.1%, a decrease in the proportions with high physical activity by 4.4%, and by 14.3% with high mental activity. Cortisol levels decreased in 42.8%, in the comparison group - an increase in 35.7%.
Conclusion. The increase in stress resistance was confirmed by the results of psychophysiological testing and cortisol level measurements in the blood. The study demonstrates the role of diet in preventing stress caused by intense mental work.
Key words: mental work, work process intensity, psychophysiological testing, stress resistance, multicomponent product, efficiency.
DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, EPIDEMIOLOGY, PREVENTION OF DISEASES
RISK OF HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT
A.A. Gridina, E.B. Brusina
Kemerovo State Medical University, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
Abstract
Introduction. Healthcare-associated infections are a common complication in patients with acute cerebrovascular accident, as stroke is accompanied by disruption of the central nervous system's regulation of vital bodily functions. Identifying, studying, and ranking risk factors allow to develop and apply risk calculators for healthcare-associated infections.
Aim of the study was to assess risk factors for healthcare-associated infections in patients with acute cerebrovascular accident using various medical technologies.
Materials and Methods. A comprehensive center retrospective (n=728) analytical epidemiological study of risk factors for healthcare-associated infections of the case-control was performed. The treatment outcomes of 728 patients (392 men, 336 women) were studied in a large cardiology center. A total of 17 risk factors were studied.
Results. According to the analysis, 11 (64.70%) of the 17 risk factors studied significantly increased the chances of healthcare-associated infections: nasogastric tube installation for more than 48 hours (OR = 28.75; 95% CI [15,58-53,57]), prolonged mechanical ventilation (OR = 24.89; 95% CI [15,42-39,79]), urinary catheter (OR = 19.64; 95% CI [7,69-50,51]), impaired consciousness on the scale of ocular coma 12 b. and less (OR = 6.32; 95 % CI [4,56-8,78]), central venous catheter (OR = 5.27; 95% ДИ [2,44-11,70]), duration of surgical treatment more than 240 minutes (OR = 2.95; 95% CI [1,73-5,11]), emergency surgical treatment (OR = 2.24; 95% CI [1,18-4,33]), kidney disease before the development of stroke (OR = 2.07; 95% CI [1,34-3,21]), a body mass index of more than 25 (OR = 1.75; 95% CI [1,21-2,56]), intraoperative blood loss of more than 250 ml (OR = 1.68; 95% CI [1,15-2,45]), and age > 65 years (OR = 1.61; 95% CI [1,18-2,21]).
Conclusion. Risk factors for healthcare-associated infections in patients with acute cerebrovascular accidents were identified and ranked, which should be considered both in individual risk calculators and when organizing infection prevention systems in hospitals of this type.
Keywords: healthcare-associated infections, acute cerebrovascular accident, patient profile, medical technologies, risk factors.
MORTALITY RISK FACTORS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY
O.V. Dmitrieva, A.V. Liubimova, A.N. Isachkina,
O.N. Kolosovskay, N.V. Satosova
North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. Russia, 191015, Saint Petersburg, Kirochnaya Street, 41
Abstract
Introduction. The mortality rate among patients undergoing renal replacement therapy (RRT) reaches 15%. Risk factors associated with mortality require further clarification using epidemiological methods.
Aim of the study was to assess the impact of complications and comorbidities on the risk of mortality in patients receiving renal replacement therapy through the application of epidemiological research methods.
Materials and Methods. Thirty-five factors were analyzed in 359 patients (including 42 deaths) undergoing dialysis in two clinics. Descriptive and analytical epidemiological methods were used. Relative risk (RR), 95% risk difference, population attributable risk, and attributable fraction were calculated, ROC analysis was performed.
Results. The mortality rate was 11.70%, with 50% of deaths occurring within the first two years of treatment, and 87.5% of these patients were aged 55 and older. The following factors increased the risk of mortality: age over 55 years (RR = 3.49; p = 0.0003); cardiovascular diseases (RR = 2.84; p << 0.01); gastrointestinal disorders (RR = 2.12; p = 0.004); neurological pathology (RR = 2.32; 95% CI 1.29–4.16; p = 0.003); type 2 diabetes mellitus (RR = 2.88; p = 0.001); diabetic foot (RR = 3.33; p = 0.001); liver diseases (RR = 2.66; p = 0.01); peripheral artery disease (RR = 1.93; p = 0.02); infectious complications (RR = 2.26; p = 0.006); and electrolyte disturbances (RR = 2.51; p = 0.014).The presence of more than four of these factors increased the risk of death by 9.42 times (p << 0.001) and accounted for 76.2% of all mortality cases. The overall proportion of correct predictions including these factors was 0.875 (p < 0.001), with a sensitivity of 71.43% (95% CI 60.5–87.9) and specificity of 87.07% (95% CI 76.7–85.5).Subgroup analysis revealed that for patients aged over 55, the combination of cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, and electrolyte disturbances was most critical, whereas for patients younger than 55 years, the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, peripheral artery diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, and infectious complications was most critical.
Conclusion. Risk factors for mortality in patients receiving renal replacement therapy were identified. The prognostic model incorporating these factors demonstrated high specificity and sensitivity.
Keywords: renal replacement therapy, dialysis, risk factors, mortality, comorbid conditions, complications, epidemiology.
DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT MEASURES PERFORMED IN PATIENTS WITH THE MOST COMMON FORMS OF HAND DISEASES IN CITY BUDGET OUTPATIENT HEALTH CARE INSTITUTIONS
M.R. Kalashnikova1,2, A.K. Dulaev1, K. S. Klyukovkin1, D.G. Nakonechny1,2,3, D.I. Kutianov 1, A.V. Balabanova1, G.L. Khartakhoeva1
1Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "First St. Petersburg State Medical University named after Academician I. P. Pavlov" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation of Russia. 6-8 Lva Tolstogo str., 197022, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
2 AVA-PETER LLC. 55a Liteyny ave., litera A, 191014, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
3OOO "My Medical Center", Russia, 191186, St. Petersburg, Malaya Konyushennaya str., 8 lit. A.
Abstract
Introduction. Hand diseases represent an important medical and social problem, as the hand plays a key role in professional activity and human interaction with the environment. The absence of an official specialization “hand surgeon” in Russia complicates patient routing and reduces the quality of medical care.
The aim of the study. Determination of the profile of outpatient specialists to whom patients with common hand diseases turn, as well as an analysis of the diagnostic and therapeutic methods used in city budgetary healthcare institutions.
Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of medical records of 857 patients with hand diseases (carpal tunnel syndrome, trigger finger, De Quervain's syndrome, Dupuytren's disease, wrist ganglion) who visited St. Petersburg clinics from 2017 to 2021 was conducted. Patient routing, examination volumes, and treatment methods were studied.
Results. The study included 857 patients with common hand diseases. Carpal tunnel syndrome (n=197) was diagnosed in 8.6% of cases, trigger finger (n=172) - in 79.7%, de Quervain syndrome (n=81) - in 80.2%, Dupuytren's disease (n=126) - in 81.7%, ganglion (n=281) - in 85.8%. Conservative treatment prevailed in all pathologies, surgical intervention was more often recommended in ganglion (45.2%), trigger finger (22.7%) and Dupuytren's disease (19%).
Conclusion. Outpatient care for patients with hand diseases needs standardization, improved diagnosis and greater involvement of specialists with competencies in hand surgery.
Key words: hand surgery, hand diseases, carpal tunnel syndrome, trigger finger, De Quervain's syndrome, Dupuytren's disease, ganglion.
PUBLIC HEALTH, ORGANIZATION AND SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH CARE
CURRENT ISSUES OF PREVENTION OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY
I.E. Esaulenko, T.N. Petrova, Yu.A. Sharapova, A.I. Mokshina
Voronezh State Medical University named after N. N. Burdenko, Russia, 394036, Voronezh, Studencheskaya street,12
Abstract
Introduction. Obesity represents a serious public health issue characterized by high prevalence, increasing treatment costs, and adverse health outcomes. In this regard, the development of measures aimed at preventing the formation and progression of obesity using modern information and digital technologies becomes an urgent and important task.
Aim of the study is to develop a system for early diagnosis of overweight and obesity, as well as to identify predictors for their formation to prevent the progression of the pathological process and effectively prevent its occurrence.
Materials and methods. In order to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity, the analysis of data from federal statistical reporting forms №. 30 "Information about medical organization" and № 12 "Information on the number of diseases registered in patients living in the service area of the medical organization" during 2012-2023 was performed. Economic aspects were assessed using budget expenditure reports and funds obtained from paid services. The study used the following methods: analytical, statistical, comparative analysis and content analysis. Statistical processing of materials was carried out using calculation tables in Excel format.
Results. The article presents data on the relevance and prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults, including the working-age population. Health risks associated with potential disability and mortality due to excess body weight and obesity were analyzed. Socio-economic factors contributing to the development of obesity were examined. The economic consequences of this issue, as well as unresolved problems of obesity prevention were noted. Priority areas of comprehensive prevention programs were identified and predictive models for the development of overweight and obesity were developed, taking into account identified individual medical and social risk factors. The results of the study will allow personalizing measures aimed at preventing obesity and its complications.
Key words: obesity, prevalence of obesity, comorbidity, organization of medical care, prevention.
REGISTRATION FEATURES OF NEWLY DETECTED MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS DURING MEDICAL EXAMINATION OF CERTAIN GROUPS OF ADULT POPULATION
N.A. Suraeva 1,2, O.O. Zakharchenko2, D.S. Terenteva2
1 National Medical Research Center of Oncology named after N.N. Petrov, Russia, 197758, Saint-Petersburg,Pesochny settlement, Leningradskaya street, 68
2 Russian Research Institute of Health, Russia,127254, Moscow, Dobrolyubova street, 11
Abstract
Introduction. The basic principles of statistical information – completeness, reliability, scientific validity and timeliness – should be applied at all levels of statistical data collection, such as filling out accounting forms and federal statistical observation forms However, regarding the registration of data on the oncological component of medical examination, including the detection of malignant neoplasms, there are a number of issues that require additional study and analysis in order to improve the quality of statistical information collection.
Aim of the study was to analyze the features of the registration of newly identified malignant neoplasms during the medical examination of certain groups of the adult population on the example of the subjects of the Northwestern Federal District.
Materials and methods. Data from the industry statistical reporting form No. 131/o "Information on preventive medical examination and medical examination of certain groups of the adult population" for 2021-2023 were used. The methods of descriptive statistics and the inductive method were used within the study.
Results. It is shown that the proportion of persons referred for examination (consultation) by an oncologist with suspected oncological diseases from the total number of persons referred for the second stage of medical examination ranged from 0.5 to 7.6%; the proportion of persons referred for consultation by an oncologist based on the results of the first stage of medical examination, from the number of persons referred for additional examination not included in the medical examination, including examination (consultation) by an oncologist in case of suspected cancer from 0.5 to 31.2%; and the relative error revealed when comparing data on oncological diseases, first diagnosed by an oncologist, and according to the results of medical examination of the adult population as a whole from 90.6 to 1625.7%
Conclusions. 1. It is necessary to develop and implement a unified methodological approach to collecting statistical information on the oncological component of medical examination. 2. It is necessary to improve the professional level of specialists involved in the collection and analysis of statistical information.
Keywords: medical examination of certain groups of the adult population; oncological component of medical examination; malignant neoplasms; oncologist; registration of statistical data.
FREQUENCY OF RISK FACTORS OCCURRENCE FOR CHRONIC NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES DEPENDING ON GENDER AND AGE
N.R. Peretyagina 1, O.A. Andreeva 1,2, A.D. Narchuk 1, I.P. Kolesova 1
1 Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Tyumen State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 625023, Russian Federation, Tyumen region, Tyumen, Odesskaya str., 54
2 State Autonomous Healthcare Institution of the Tyumen Region "City Polyclinic No. 17", 102/1 Shirotnaya str., Tyumen, 625051, Russian Federation, Tyumen Region
Abstract
Introduction. Chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) represent one of the most serious threats to modern healthcare.
Of particular concern is the fact that many of these diseases are diagnosed at late stages. A significant proportion of these cases is associated with preventable risk factors (FR). Eliminating risk factors and informing the population about a healthy lifestyle are the most important tasks for reducing morbidity and improving the quality of life.
Aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence of risk factors for NCDs depending on gender and age following preventive medical examination and health screening in a city polyclinic.
Materials and methods. The study involved 6,909 individuals as part of a one-stage retrospective comparative analysis based on the results of a preventive medical examination of certain groups of the adult population in 2024.
Results. The study revealed that behavioral FR occurs in women at a younger age compared to men, where the opposite trend is observed with increasing age. The prevalence of metabolic RF in men also increases with age. In women, a similar trend is observed, except for smoking and overweight, where obesity predominates in older age.
Conclusion. The study results showed differences in the prevalence of behavioral and metabolic risk factors for NCDs depending on age and gender. Early detection of the likelihood of the presence of chronic NCDs and individuals with risk factors is possible via mass examinations, where preventive medical examination and health screenings play a key role, as methods of high diagnostic value. Timely identification of diseases and a comprehensive assessment of health are crucial aspects of preserving reproductive health for both men and women. Active preventive health care is of a high importance.
Keywords: behavioral risk factors, metabolic risk factors, preventive medical examination, medical examination, women, men, reproductive health.
FREQUENCY OF RISK FACTORS OCCURRENCE FOR CHRONIC NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES DEPENDING ON GENDER AND AGE
N.R. Peretyagina 1, O.A. Andreeva 1,2, A.D. Narchuk 1, I.P. Kolesova 1
1 Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Tyumen State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 625023, Russian Federation, Tyumen region, Tyumen, Odesskaya str., 54
2 State Autonomous Healthcare Institution of the Tyumen Region "City Polyclinic No. 17", 102/1 Shirotnaya str., Tyumen, 625051, Russian Federation, Tyumen Region
Abstract
Introduction. Chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) represent one of the most serious threats to modern healthcare.
Of particular concern is the fact that many of these diseases are diagnosed at late stages. A significant proportion of these cases is associated with preventable risk factors (FR). Eliminating risk factors and informing the population about a healthy lifestyle are the most important tasks for reducing morbidity and improving the quality of life.
Aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence of risk factors for NCDs depending on gender and age following preventive medical examination and health screening in a city polyclinic.
Materials and methods. The study involved 6,909 individuals as part of a one-stage retrospective comparative analysis based on the results of a preventive medical examination of certain groups of the adult population in 2024.
Results. The study revealed that behavioral FR occurs in women at a younger age compared to men, where the opposite trend is observed with increasing age. The prevalence of metabolic RF in men also increases with age. In women, a similar trend is observed, except for smoking and overweight, where obesity predominates in older age.
Conclusion. The study results showed differences in the prevalence of behavioral and metabolic risk factors for NCDs depending on age and gender. Early detection of the likelihood of the presence of chronic NCDs and individuals with risk factors is possible via mass examinations, where preventive medical examination and health screenings play a key role, as methods of high diagnostic value. Timely identification of diseases and a comprehensive assessment of health are crucial aspects of preserving reproductive health for both men and women. Active preventive health care is of a high importance.
Keywords: behavioral risk factors, metabolic risk factors, preventive medical examination, medical examination, women, men, reproductive health.
CLINICAL LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICS
FREQUENCY OF RISK FACTORS OCCURRENCE FOR CHRONIC NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES DEPENDING ON GENDER AND AGE
N.R. Peretyagina 1, O.A. Andreeva 1,2, A.D. Narchuk 1, I.P. Kolesova 1
1 Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Tyumen State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 625023, Russian Federation, Tyumen region, Tyumen, Odesskaya str., 54
2 State Autonomous Healthcare Institution of the Tyumen Region "City Polyclinic No. 17", 102/1 Shirotnaya str., Tyumen, 625051, Russian Federation, Tyumen Region
Abstract
Introduction. Chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) represent one of the most serious threats to modern healthcare.
Of particular concern is the fact that many of these diseases are diagnosed at late stages. A significant proportion of these cases is associated with preventable risk factors (FR). Eliminating risk factors and informing the population about a healthy lifestyle are the most important tasks for reducing morbidity and improving the quality of life.
Aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence of risk factors for NCDs depending on gender and age following preventive medical examination and health screening in a city polyclinic.
Materials and methods. The study involved 6,909 individuals as part of a one-stage retrospective comparative analysis based on the results of a preventive medical examination of certain groups of the adult population in 2024.
Results. The study revealed that behavioral FR occurs in women at a younger age compared to men, where the opposite trend is observed with increasing age. The prevalence of metabolic RF in men also increases with age. In women, a similar trend is observed, except for smoking and overweight, where obesity predominates in older age.
Conclusion. The study results showed differences in the prevalence of behavioral and metabolic risk factors for NCDs depending on age and gender. Early detection of the likelihood of the presence of chronic NCDs and individuals with risk factors is possible via mass examinations, where preventive medical examination and health screenings play a key role, as methods of high diagnostic value. Timely identification of diseases and a comprehensive assessment of health are crucial aspects of preserving reproductive health for both men and women. Active preventive health care is of a high importance.
Keywords: behavioral risk factors, metabolic risk factors, preventive medical examination, medical examination, women, men, reproductive health.